Defiance and fascism’s hold on Jewish identity.
My grandparents were from Brestlitovsk, but fortunately for them and me, they left for the US in 1905. This is what happened to those who stayed.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47732043
Likewise, my grandmother left Hrubieszow, Poland (about 100 miles south of Brestlitovsk) in 1920. The cousins that remained were killed by the Nazis.
Hrubieszów is notable because in 1946 Polish freedom fighters there formed an unlikely alliance with the Ukrainian Insurgent Army to attack an HQ of the communist secret police.
My grandparents were from Brestlitovsk, but fortunately for them and me, they left for the US in 1905. This is what happened to those who stayed.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47732043
Likewise, my grandmother left Hrubieszow, Poland (about 100 miles south of Brestlitovsk) in 1920. The cousins that remained were killed by the Nazis.
Hrubieszów is notable because in 1946 Polish freedom fighters there formed an unlikely alliance with the Ukrainian Insurgent Army to attack an HQ of the communist secret police.